Lexicon
S
Scrap
Material with a high metal content, which is used not only as a cooling agent, but also as a secondary raw material in steel production. Scrap can also be alloyed or non-alloyed. Scrap is accrued in a steel works and outside scrap is bought in. There are ten different types of scrap: old scrap, new scrap, heavy old scrap, shredder scrap, waste combustion scrap, waste scrap, steel turnings, bales made of new light sheet scrap and new scrap. The scrap list is neither internationally recognised nor standardised.
Spectral analysis
The process of qualifying chemical elements in steels (qualitative spectral analysis) and of determining their quantity (quantitive spectral analysis). In an active state, each element sends out a collection of rays according to its components. Using a prism the frequency of the various rays can be separated and projected next to one another on a screen, where they can be determined according to position (deflection) and intensity. The position characterises the element, the intensity its mass weight. With a spectroscope the evaluation is determined by the viewer, with a spectrometer by photocells and electronic evaluation. The process releases a discharge.
Stainless Steel
Is a collective term for those steels which have been smelted in a special procedure (secondary metallurgy), have a high purity and react consistently to heat treatment. There are two types according to their chemical properties (DIN EN 10 020); non-alloyed (steel group 10-18) and alloyed (steel group 20-89). It is differentiated according to its use, as structural, engineering, container, tool, high-speed or ball-bearing steel. Steel is also characterised by its properties: chemically resistant, non corrosive, heat resistant, high temperature alloy, suitable for welding purposes, and with special physical or magnetic properties or yield levels.
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